金融风险调研报告

　 金融风险调研报告

　 在我国经济建设持续发展、硕果累累的进程中，我们农村合作银行也取得了长足的发展，经营范围扩大，经济效益增加。但是，我们在取得成绩的同时，也要清醒地看到存在的金融风险。如果不采取有效措施予以防范和制止，就会严重影响农村合作银行的发展，影响到农村合作银行每一个人的切身利益，影响到国家生产建设和社会事业发展，影响到社会的和谐与稳定。内控与合规、防范金融风险是我们农村合作银行永恒的主题。下面浅谈金融风险产生的原因与如何防范金融风险。

　 一、金融风险产生的原因

　 1、内控文化缺失严重，诱发金融风险。良好的内控文化是农村合作银行内控体系持续有效运行的前提。而在内控文化缺失的情况下，银行经营者关心的只是规模和速度，对内部控制和风险管理重视不够，有关内部控制和风险管理制度束之高阁。内控文化缺失、理念缺乏、一味追求速度和规模、诱发违法违规行为，这正是很多农村合作银行员工走向犯罪的路线图。很多作案者最初并没有坏的打算，只是在其工作的过程中，看内控文化严重缺失，有机可乘，从而违纪违规，进而走向犯罪。

　 2、制度执行力不强,内控形同虚设。衡量内控体系有效与否的标准并不在于农村合作银行制定了多少制度，关键是看制度的落实与执行。制度不落实、执行不到位往往使得内控体系漏洞百出，形同虚设。其效果就好比是纸糊的窗子———一捅就破,防得了君子防不了小人，从而为那些不理性人通过作案谋私利提供了可能。银行内部人员骗贷成功，用的无非是伪造担保资料作虚假担保，或放款后私自取消担保方的担保责任并将贷款转移等手段。这些都说明制度执行力不强,内控形同虚设，工作流程缺少严格的分工和限制，否则骗贷不可能如此顺利地得手。

　 3、约束基层管理人员力度不够，造成风险高度集中。我们农村合作银行目前的组织架构下，基层管理者往往被赋予过多的权利，包括财务管理、核算管理、授权管理、人事管理和行政管理，涉及方方面面。从理论上讲，权利过多过大，就存在一定的作案机会和可能。如果没有相应的监督制约机制。在利益诱惑、私欲膨胀的情况下，基层管理者就会轻而易举地走上犯罪道路，这属于典型的关键人员作案。为此，我们农村合作银行必须实行关键岗位、人员的定期轮换和强制休假制度，并专门出台稽核监督机制，约束基层管理人员权利。然而，我们农村合作银行大多没有达到这一要求，没有出台相应的规定或规定没有落实到位，这是产生金融风险的关键所在。

　 4、稽核力量薄弱，有效约束不够。我们农村合作银行的稽核力量相当薄弱,集中表现在：一是有些银行尚未设立专门的稽核监督部门；二是设有稽核部门的银行,其稽核人员的配备不足,达不到总员工数5%的国际一般水平；三是稽核监督部门容易受到行政干预，难以独立开展工作；四是稽核人员专业化水平不高，无法满足稽核工作要求；五是稽核制度落实中“走样”，稽核监督的不到位，看起来稽核检查规模宏大，样子严肃，实质走形式，是“逮不住老鼠”的“猫”。稽核力量的薄弱，从某种意义上说，助推金融风险的发生。

　 5、考核机制不完善，忽视金融风险。我们农村合作银行考核机制不完善，只重视经营业务，突出指标完成，忽视内控管理要求。在这种考核机制下，基层银行不惜一切代价扩大经营规模和业务范围，拼命追求发展速度，从而出现钻制度空子、打擦边球现象，严重的甚至会出现违规违法经营。至于防范金融风险就得不到应有的重视，甚至束之高阁，无人提起。

　 6、内控责任制缺失，造成内控管理混乱。在内控责任制无形的压力下，各银行相关部门才会真正肩负起应负的责任，发现内控体系中存在的问题和薄弱环节，并予以及时的纠正和完善。目前情况下，内控责任制缺失，发生金融风险，银行往往只处理作案当事人，而不处理那些负有相应管理责任和监督责任的部门与人员，从而造成内控体系的有效性长期得不到提高，使内控管理混乱。

　 二、如何防范金融风险

　 1、建立和完善银行内控机制。要制定明晰的农村合作银行发展战略，优化组织体系，建立科学的决策体系、完善的风险管理体制、审慎的会计财务制度和透明的信息披露制度；要积极培育符合农村合作银行实际的内部控制文化，使内控意识和内控文化渗透到每一位员工思想深处，使内控成为每位员工的自觉行为，熟悉自身岗位职责，理解和掌握内控要点，及时发现问题和风险。

　 2、建立和完善农村合作银行风险识别和评估体系。要认真借鉴国外的先进经验，积极运用现代科技手段，逐步建立覆盖所有业务风险的监控、评价和预警系统。重视贷款风险集中度及关联企业授信监测和风险提示，重视早期预警，认真执行重大违约情况登记报告和风险提示制度。

　 3、建立和完善农村合作银行稽核审计体系。要积极建立相对完善的内部稽核体系，提高稽核审计工作的独立性，提高工作频率和工作质量，改进方法，实现合规性监督向合规性、风险性、效益性转变，使事后监督向事中、事前转变。注意使用外部审计力量，进一步发挥业务部门的专业检查作用，制定专业检查制度，加大专业检查力度，从严追究高管人员和直接责任人的法律责任。

　 4、树立正确的业务发展思想。要在追求盈利性的同时，重视安全性和流动性，防止片面追求高速业务增长而忽视风险防范和内控机制建设的倾向。农村合作银行应制定合理的业务发展规划，不搞以存款论英雄和存款指标分派到人的老式工作方法，而是应通过改进服务手段、增加业务品种和提高结算速度来赢得客户，增加市场份额，提高经济效益。

　 5、建立和完善内控信息体系。农村合作银行要建立完善的内部管理信息系统，为内控的设计、执行、反馈提供信息保障；建立与农村合作银行及其内控管理专职部门信息联结和定期联系机制，及时、真实、完整地传递监管意图、交流信息、沟通问题；建立农村合作银行信息披露制度，及时向社会准确披露相关信息，发挥社会对农村合作银行内控建设的监督作用。

　 6、重视和加强对银行高级管理人员的监管。农村合作银行要转变内控观念，在加强基层内控制度建立和执行的同时，强化对银行高级管理人员的监管，实行内控问责制，并与任职资格挂钩、促使银行高级管理人员转变观念，重视内控与合规，起到模范带头作用，真正做好防范金融风险工作，促进农村合作银行健康持续发展，达到做优做强农村合作银行的目的。

　

　city Municipal Party Central work, and strive to improve the decision-making ability, comprehensive coordination ability, writing ability, supervision ability, logistics ability, innovation ability, continuously consolidate and maintain the education on Party members'advancement activities and enhance awareness of the Communist Youth League education achievements, and vigorously promote the construction of civilization advanced units, units and staff home building activities, balanced, focused, pragmatic, innovation, high standard, high quality, high level, high efficiency to complete various tasks throughout the year.First, pay close attention to research information, efforts to improve decision-making servicesIn accordance with the "information reflect the information, promote the work of information leading work" requirements, adhere to grasp the team construction, mechanism construction and quantitative assessment, give full play to the assistant role of leadership, actively promote the innovation of research information development, and vigorously promote the research work of information to mention upgrading, efforts to improve the ability and level of decision-making.(a) adhere to the decision in the first place. To make the decision service as the focus of the work, participate in the point, and in the key place, in order to promote the democratization of decision-making, scientific advice. Based on the city's youth career "11th Five-Year" good bureau and the Communist Youth League work across the development, focus on the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development theory and practice subject adolescents and youth work process of building a socialist harmonious society, pay close attention to the global, strategic, forward-looking major problems, grasp the overall situation, pay attention to plan and implement the specific tasks assigned by the leadership from the overall situation, think ahead on major issues concerning the overall situation, in-depth Study, grasp the dynamic, put forward suggestions, reflect in time.(two) adhere to the investigation. As an important way to firmly grasp the important link of scientific and democratic decision-making, focus on key leadership concern, concern and hot points of youth practice work, adhere to the practice to investigate and research, fully and accurately grasp the actual situation, for the leadership decision-making comes from practice, practical to provide first-hand information. To enhance the initiative, according to municipal Party committee leadership activities, week activities, in the "research" make great efforts to provide more targeted for leadership, predictability and effectiveness of comments and suggestions.(three) adhere to the information planning as an important means of expanding. The sources of information, through the network, the media and other channels, increase integration efforts the work of the Communist Youth League and youth information dynamic information resources, increase the information planning efforts to refine the Communist Youth League, and give full play to the role of information reference, to improve the quality of information as a fundamental, outstanding information work sensitivity and timeliness, timely, accurately, comprehensively reflect the municipal Party committee, municipal government, the Central Committee of the implementation of a major deployment, leadership attention, hot and difficult issues of concern to the masses and some important emergencies, timely provide all kinds of deep and valuable component of the following information. Continue to deepen the information research and information feedback system, information report system, information reporting system, information delivery system and information notification system, and constantly improve the information work of the assessment, incentive mechanism, improve the long-term mechanism to improve the information work of sustainable development.Two, pay close attention to contact and communication, efforts to improve the ability of comprehensive coordinationGive full play to a contact, pivotal role, coordination of the parties in accordance with the standard, efficient, high quality principles, firmly establish the principle of service, and effectively improve the level of policy theory, grasp the method of coordinating work, conscientiously do service leadership, service and Service Corps cadres.(a) do to actively carry out coordination. Upstream municipal Party committee, municipal government work report, and the central mission to understand, grasp the key ideas and working organs, targeted focus on reporting the work of mission, to focus on the city's superior league, major activities, attention, support and help.(two) do parallel coordination. To strengthen the contact and communication with the municipal departments, actively seek for the work of care, support, optimize the external environment. To strengthen the group work of the Communist Youth League and other provinces and cities, to grasp the work around the dynamic, active learning around the work experience, the effective integration of resources within the group, and the Communist Youth League career development.(three) earnestly grassroots coordination. Further increase communication efforts, strengthen the organizations at various levels to guide the work of the office and communication, to ensure the situation, reported lower levels of strength, and strive to the grassroots, inspired by the basic spirit of innovation, the formation of good ability of the league office work.Three, pay close attention to the quality of official documents, efforts to improve the ability to deal with textAdhere to high standards, strict requirements, careful attention to the drafting of the draft work, strict document drafting, audit clearance, proof reading and quality control, and strive to improve the ability to deal with the text, and the overall work of the service center.(a) earnestly. To further establish the draft document presentation system research, adhere to the practice, especially the drafting of important days and months multiplying, concentrating on the presentation of the research, understand the situation the situation, fully understand the intention of the leadership, to ensure the output, quality, and constantly improve the quality of manuscript. A manuscript quality appraisal system, the implementation of quantitative assessment, each quarter the comparison of office draft manuscript quality. Establish a reward system to reward the outstanding manuscript selection out, the wrong investigated persons responsible for the major errors.(two) strict master document quality. Strengthening document quality awareness, efforts in the drafting of documents, audit checks, printed all aspects of efforts, strict policy documents audit, content, format and procedures, adhere to the upper and lower check, and check before and after the check, ensure the document style format in the understanding of leadership intentions in place, ideas in the language in place, and strive to improve the quality of various documents.(three) a comprehensive specification document operation. To further standardize the document transfer procedures, emphasizing the precision in document processing, in strict accordance with the operating procedures document sign, registration, approval, distribution, handling, repaying, filing, ensure the document processing standard, accurate, and efficient. Especially to strict dispatch, strict audit document content. Strictly implement the document procedures step by step Shenqian, strict and unified file format, to ensure the normative document. Further the implementation of electronic document processing mode, the full implementation of OA office system, efforts to improve the work efficiency.Four, pay close attention to the work of supervision, efforts to improve the executive abilityThe city's major issues and focus on the overall work of the Communist Youth League to carry out supervision and inspection, insist on the idea, the handling of the key, efforts to promote the implementation of decisions, to ensure that government decrees.(a) on the center of focus on supervision. In accordance with the "grasp the overall situation, focused, practical, quantitative refinement" principle, conscientiously fulfill the supervision function, focusing on the important deployment, major decisions of the party will, secretary's office, department heads meeting agreed matters assigned by the leadership group, the book down and do the important matters and the regiment the key work to focus on supervision, to ensure that the inspection item piece is an echo, everything in the bag, to promote the work carried out smoothly.(two) grasp the key special supervision. According to different periods of work needs, focus on leadership, social concern, hot and difficult problem of youth reflects the implementation of regular and dynamic supervision of special work assigned by the leadership of the special work of tracking supervision, regularly held the Department responsible for the regular inspection work carried out inspection stage. Check or the implementation of the work, to the work of the special supervision and implementation.(three) innovative ways to promote the supervision. To further improve the effectiveness of supervision and inspection work, really play a role in promoting the implementation work. To further improve and perfect the supervision report system, inspection notification system, regularly carry out random checks of the supervision matters, to highlight the effectiveness of the inspection work, to effectively promote the work carried out.Five, pay close attention to daily management, efforts to improve logistical support capacityAccording to "do great things, do small things, start from the details; General requirements from the overall situation", pay close attention to daily management, enhance the foresight and initiative work, do the work of early preparation, program cost fine plan, artful arrangement, high quality services.(a) further strengthen the authority of hardware construction. Combined with the "three hit" work, to further promote the party organ culture construction, and actively carry out party building advanced units, units of civilization, to create the homes of the workers, further standardize internal office conditions, perfect decoration authorities canteen, strengthening the Office building management, further improve the authority office environment.(two) to further strengthen the organization system construction. The implementation of the municipal Party committee of various rules and regulations, in accordance with the norms of management, efficient principle, perfect all kinds of meetings, document processing, logistics system, perfect a set of scientific and reasonable comprehensive coverage, the rules of the system. To strengthen the day-to-day management work, continuously enhance the rigor and the scientific management, according to the requirements of task decomposition, refinement of quantitative indicators, realize the work determination, work process standardization, work system, to promote the daily work efficient and orderly operation.(three) to further strengthen the fine financial management authority. Hold on to open source, to further increase funding for efforts, multi-channel for funding, strengthen the overall financial institutions. The authorities adhere to grasp the throttle, vehicle maintenance, major conference activities, network maintenance and other major expenditure to implement the budget control at the beginning of the year, authorities to strictly implement the financial management system, do a good job the pre final accounts, financial institutions, financial analysis and financial statements related. Adhere to the financial reporting system, improve the efficiency in the use of assets, and the Communist Youth League work continued to develop.(four) to further strengthen security work earnestly. Confidentiality of confidential confidential documents, strict implementation of the management system, security system, focus on the secret of the computer and network security management, strict management measures. Actively carry out regular security education, provided security awareness high cadres of workers, to prevent the loss occurred leak phenomenon. To strengthen the archives management work, conscientiously implement the archives, seal management system, actively carry out the relevant documents, materials, letters and pictures materials collection, registration and filing. The strict safety responsibility system, strictly holidays and night security duty system, strengthen the major work Moving safety work, to ensure safe and orderly.(five) to further strengthen the daily service work. To firmly establish the "rules as standard" point of view, whether do the text, do, act, or on duty, reception, security in strict accordance with the rules, according to the procedures, to ensure standardized operation. Take care of cadres of workers life, seriously deal with the party to do things for the project for the masses and actively improve the cadres of workers welfare. Strict management of vehicles, official vehicles. To ensure the implementation of office smile service system and first asked the first joint service system, the implementation of service complaints system, ensure the quality of service continues to increase.Six, pay close attention to team building, focus on improving the ability to open up innovationIn accordance with the "build a first-class team, with first-class team, a first-class performance, tree class image," the overall requirements, and vigorously strengthen the construction of cadres and workers, and promote the healthy growth of cadres and workers and all-round development.(a) establish the right work ethic. Firmly establish the concept of office work, have a brilliant future, strengthen the sense of innovation, enhance innovation and courage, to free from old ideas, actively respond to the development requirements of the new situation, actively adapt to the new leadership strictly from the high requirements, innovation and breakthrough, promote office work the steps in innovation.(two) to strengthen the ideological and political construction. Continue to consolidate communist education on Party members'advancement activities and enhance awareness of the Communist Youth League education achievements, serious ideological and political work of office staff, carry out the "dedication in the post work, first-class theme contest activities, and guide the cadres and workers to firmly establish a correct outlook on life. And values, the firm high political consciousness, firm political position, strict political discipline, strengthen the cadres and workers of political awareness, overall awareness, sense of service, efforts to form a diligent, efficient, innovative,Rigorous working atmosphere.(three) to carry out the policy theory of learning. To improve the office of cadres and workers pay close attention to the quality of training and learning, strengthen business knowledge and comprehensive knowledge, constantly optimize the knowledge structure, improve the overall quality of the level of proficiency and more than one post to the "Office of the cadres and workers to deal with specific issues. Adhere to the new period of the focus group the overall work, in-depth analysis and exploration of the functions of the office development and the direction of development, and strive to improve the overall awareness and service level of the office of cadres and workers. There are plans, steps to arrange the staff to participate in the exchange of learning and testing exercise, and strengthen the office of the Communist Youth League, and other provinces and cities Level office of the office of business exchanges, and strive to form a strong learning atmosphere.(four) to strengthen the team building. Stick with the system of management, strict implementation of the work system, strictly regulate the work procedures; adhere to the training of people with business, the cadres and workers more responsibility, more to provide the stage, to help with, strengthen staff training; adhere to unite people with feelings, really care about the work, learning and life style; adhere to infect people, guide the cadres and workers of self-discipline, dedication, unity, pragmatic, hard-working and carry forward the spirit of selfless dedication, a successful career in the extraordinary position; adhere to work drive, office team members adhere to lead, take the lead To be, learning, solidarity, pragmatic and incorruptible example.Attachment 2:XX municipal Party committee of the Communist Youth League work points,With Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of "Three Represents" as guidance, comprehensively implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, the implementation of the party's eight plenary session of the two session of the fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, municipal Party committee, the Central Committee of Communist Youth League in the fourth Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee, XX two session of the five Committee in accordance with the spirit of "leapfrog development, requirements of first-class" people-oriented and service innovation. Means to promote the work, regulate the procedure of management, enhance the quality of image work philosophy, adhere to the service of the work of the center, serve the development of the career of the Communist Youth League, the informatization construction of service agencies, organizations to develop XX, "11th Five-Year" youth career development planning, to further deepen the Communist Youth League The theoretical research, the full implementation of the "Knowledge Youth Information Digital XX League" construction project in XX city and popularization of engineering, unity and cohesion of youth work theory research and information technology team of young talents, and vigorously promote the 2006 year key project implementation work, and strive to achieve the XX chapters of theoretical research and the level of informatization construction on a new level.,Make a plan to develop XX City, "11th Five-Year" youth career development plan, for the implementation of the name of the city government.To promote the two projects. To vigorously promote the popularization of knowledge youth information XX city project, and strive to improve the informatization level of teenagers; vigorously promote the "digital XX League" construction project, make full use of information technology services and promote the work of the Communist Youth League.The construction of three platforms. To improve the efficiency, rich content, give full play to the Communist Youth League <XX magazine, the construction of the Communist Youth League work guidance and communication platform; expand the function, enhance interaction, give full play to the XX youth electronic community website, the construction of information network and participate in the youth service platform; integration of resources, focus on services, the establishment of XX city informatization of young talents Association, give full play to the XX Youth Research Institute and XX Information Association of young talents, and Research on construction of information talent and cohesion platform.,(a) scientific planning, meticulous organization, earnestly XX youth development "11th Five-Year" planning work. In accordance with the scientific, effective, open and operational principles, combined with the actual development of adolescent XX, XX junior career scientific judgment of future development trend, focusing on Ideological Education for youth, youth employment and entrepreneurship, Youth Science and technology innovation, adolescents' learning, youth culture and entertainment, exchanges and cooperation,

　city Municipal Party Central work, and strive to improve the decision-making ability, comprehensive coordination ability, writing ability, supervision ability, logistics ability, innovation ability, continuously consolidate and maintain the education on Party members'advancement activities and enhance awareness of the Communist Youth League education achievements, and vigorously promote the construction of civilization advanced units, units and staff home building activities, balanced, focused, pragmatic, innovation, high standard, high quality, high level, high efficiency to complete various tasks throughout the year.First, pay close attention to research information, efforts to improve decision-making servicesIn accordance with the "information reflect the information, promote the work of information leading work" requirements, adhere to grasp the team construction, mechanism construction and quantitative assessment, give full play to the assistant role of leadership, actively promote the innovation of research information development, and vigorously promote the research work of information to mention upgrading, efforts to improve the ability and level of decision-making.(a) adhere to the decision in the first place. To make the decision service as the focus of the work, participate in the point, and in the key place, in order to promote the democratization of decision-making, scientific advice. Based on the city's youth career "11th Five-Year" good bureau and the Communist Youth League work across the development, focus on the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development theory and practice subject adolescents and youth work process of building a socialist harmonious society, pay close attention to the global, strategic, forward-looking major problems, grasp the overall situation, pay attention to plan and implement the specific tasks assigned by the leadership from the overall situation, think ahead on major issues concerning the overall situation, in-depth Study, grasp the dynamic, put forward suggestions, reflect in time.(two) adhere to the investigation. As an important way to firmly grasp the important link of scientific and democratic decision-making, focus on key leadership concern, concern and hot points of youth practice work, adhere to the practice to investigate and research, fully and accurately grasp the actual situation, for the leadership decision-making comes from practice, practical to provide first-hand information. To enhance the initiative, according to municipal Party committee leadership activities, week activities, in the "research" make great efforts to provide more targeted for leadership, predictability and effectiveness of comments and suggestions.(three) adhere to the information planning as an important means of expanding. The sources of information, through the network, the media and other channels, increase integration efforts the work of the Communist Youth League and youth information dynamic information resources, increase the information planning efforts to refine the Communist Youth League, and give full play to the role of information reference, to improve the quality of information as a fundamental, outstanding information work sensitivity and timeliness, timely, accurately, comprehensively reflect the municipal Party committee, municipal government, the Central Committee of the implementation of a major deployment, leadership attention, hot and difficult issues of concern to the masses and some important emergencies, timely provide all kinds of deep and valuable component of the following information. Continue to deepen the information research and information feedback system, information report system, information reporting system, information delivery system and information notification system, and constantly improve the information work of the assessment, incentive mechanism, improve the long-term mechanism to improve the information work of sustainable development.Two, pay close attention to contact and communication, efforts to improve the ability of comprehensive coordinationGive full play to a contact, pivotal role, coordination of the parties in accordance with the standard, efficient, high quality principles, firmly establish the principle of service, and effectively improve the level of policy theory, grasp the method of coordinating work, conscientiously do service leadership, service and Service Corps cadres.(a) do to actively carry out coordination. Upstream municipal Party committee, municipal government work report, and the central mission to understand, grasp the key ideas and working organs, targeted focus on reporting the work of mission, to focus on the city's superior league, major activities, attention, support and help.(two) do parallel coordination. To strengthen the contact and communication with the municipal departments, actively seek for the work of care, support, optimize the external environment. To strengthen the group work of the Communist Youth League and other provinces and cities, to grasp the work around the dynamic, active learning around the work experience, the effective integration of resources within the group, and the Communist Youth League career development.(three) earnestly grassroots coordination. Further increase communication efforts, strengthen the organizations at various levels to guide the work of the office and communication, to ensure the situation, reported lower levels of strength, and strive to the grassroots, inspired by the basic spirit of innovation, the formation of good ability of the league office work.Three, pay close attention to the quality of official documents, efforts to improve the ability to deal with textAdhere to high standards, strict requirements, careful attention to the drafting of the draft work, strict document drafting, audit clearance, proof reading and quality control, and strive to improve the ability to deal with the text, and the overall work of the service center.(a) earnestly. To further establish the draft document presentation system research, adhere to the practice, especially the drafting of important days and months multiplying, concentrating on the presentation of the research, understand the situation the situation, fully understand the intention of the leadership, to ensure the output, quality, and constantly improve the quality of manuscript. A manuscript quality appraisal system, the implementation of quantitative assessment, each quarter the comparison of office draft manuscript quality. Establish a reward system to reward the outstanding manuscript selection out, the wrong investigated persons responsible for the major errors.(two) strict master document quality. Strengthening document quality awareness, efforts in the drafting of documents, audit checks, printed all aspects of efforts, strict policy documents audit, content, format and procedures, adhere to the upper and lower check, and check before and after the check, ensure the document style format in the understanding

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