柳永词雨霖铃·寒蝉凄切赏析（Liu Yongci bell, Yu Lin of cicadas chill and drearily shrill）

　 柳永词《雨霖铃·寒蝉凄切》赏析（Liu Yongci bell, Yu Lin of cicadas chill and drearily shrill）

　Bells Ringing in the Rain

　On the evening of Changting, cicadas chill and drearily shrill, showers early break. All doors account have no clue to drink, party, lanzhoucuifa. Shouxiang

　My eyes, actually Speechless choke. Want to go, Trinidad Yanbo, dusk is falling Chutian wide.

　From time immemorial the sorrow of parting, more Nakan, cold clear autumn festival. Where the night from the willow shore, the morning breeze and the lingering moon. This go

　Over the years, should be free. Then there are thousands of amorous feelings, and who?.

　[notes]

　This was the Tang imperial music of 1 tones. According to legend, Emperor Xuanzong from Lushan chaos Shu, when those days, the path along the cliff in hear the bell. As a tribute to Yang Guifei, then after Liu Yongyong was taken as a song, melody. Also known as "rain Lin Ling slow". On the upper and lower, one hundred and three words, oblique rhyme. This word is chosen from the Song Ci, and the rain bell and rain bell. This is the first word he left the capital Bianjing (now Henan city) to write, to express the feelings with the lover cannot bear to part from each other.

　2: Autumn cicada cicada. Blue: cold shortness. The Changting late: in the face of Changting, it is evening.

　3: shower showers. First break: just stop.

　4 door account drink: in Kyoto suburban pitched tent hosted a farewell dinner. Without a clue; without emotion; listless.

　5: to a "stay at the party also".

　6 orchid boat: according to "different records" contained, Luban once carved magnolia tree for boat. Used as a ship's name.

　7 choke: grief, choke, speechless. That is, "pharynx and pharynx."".

　8 go: go a step by step (after parting) farther and farther.

　9: evening twilight cloud.

　10 deep: deep appearance.

　11 Chutian: during the Warring States period, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangsu and Zhejiang belong to the state of Chu, where the "Chutian" refers to the southern sky.

　12: the cold autumn bleak autumn festival.

　13 years after a year or more, the year after year.

　14 amorous feelings: affection (love between men and women).

　[translation]

　Autumn cicadas is so bleak and rapid, the face of Changting, it is in the evening, the sudden rain had just stopped. Set up a farewell in the Kyoto City, but did not drink the mood was reluctant to part, the people on board have been hurried departure. Hold hands and looked at each other, full of tears, until finally speechless, thousands and thousands of words are choking in the throat to say. Think of this go back to the south, the way another way, all the way, a piece of the fog, the sky was a vast expanse of chu.

　Since ancient times, the most sentimental of people is sad to bid farewell, not to mention the cold bleak this autumn, which can withstand the sorrow of parting! Who knows tonight I awoke to where? Fear is the only willow shore, in the face of the mournful dawn of the breeze and moon. Do not go long with this, (not love people together, I suppose) even in the face of the good weather, good scenery, but also as a dummy. Even if there is full of affection, who else to tell? !

　[appreciation of works]

　This word is also the famous express parting sorrow, Liu words and an outstanding representative of Song Dynasty ci. In the word, the author will he leave Bianjing and lover farewell when the real feelings expressed full of pathos, sad and moving.

　The word write on the parting scene, under the main writing after the scene. It is one of the ten songs of song and Jin which is popular in song and Yuan dynasties.

　First of all, the three sentence "write the scenery", pointing out the location and sequence. "The book of rites. A "cloud:" mengqiu moon, chilling sound." Visible time around the lunar calendar in July. However, CI did not objectively elaborate nature scenery, but through the description of scenery, atmosphere, emotion into the scene, not implied meaning. Autumn dusk, chilling showers, people everywhere and what one sees and hears. "The Changting late" a, middle knife, very frustrated by swallowing, more accurately convey the desolate atmosphere. Write this sentence three shop scene, for two "thread" and "presses", set ". All in one's mind",

　The language of Jiangyan "Fu": "drink account East, songke valley." All his lovers outside Changting placed under the banquet to see him off, but in the face of wine and food, people have no interest. Then said: "Miss, lanzhoucuifa", these seven words are completely realistic, but to refine the pen depicts a typical environment and psychological nostalgia: one side is love, while lanzhoucuifa, such conflicts are like sharp! Here the "lanzhoucuifa", but to write straight parting is not urgent, they full of lingering, but to a more direct, can deepen the feelings of the. He burst out "Shouxiang Leiyan, actually Speechless choke" two words. Only eleven words, popular language and deep feelings, realistic image, such as the current. It is Lidiqianjun!

　The poet's mind is choked with the throat, and he reads the inner monologue of the two sentences. Here the Qusheng "read" the word is used particularly well, read falling tone, as the leader, on the "choke" and the nature of a turn, and "thousands" and a flow of air through the following. "Read" after the words "to" two words is used and shows sound and emotion agitation, reading word, hence feel the way the road ahead. Below 1000 miles, the tone is harmonious and the scenery is painted. Is called "the one", "Twilight", "heavy," said more like a thick layer of coloring; both said "Trinidad", another "wide", a similar. Did you regret the breakup.

　On the positive film "farewell, under a pen, on the first, from a general to say. "Affectionate adieu" means the injury from farewell, not self starting, since ancient times. In "more Nakan cold clear autumn festival" a, is very short when the bleak autumn, feeling more than normal. "Autumn Festival" speech, mapping the first three sentences, before and after care, extremely dense needlework; and as "more Nakan" three Xuzi, strengthen the emotional color, compared to the first three sentences in the scene is more obvious and profound emotion.

　"Tonight" three words to be reelected, total p.. A glorious history of Ci by Liu yong. This is the three sentence of this imagination tonight in the journey back soon after taste, Yizhou near the shore, his sober dream, but only Xiao Xiao Shu Liu Xiaofeng trainee Xi blowing, crescent moon hung high willow trees. The whole picture is full of desolate atmosphere, cold customer, scenery with such sadness, completely condensed the picture. This scene like language meticulous small frame, very elegant. "Yi" in the Qing Dynasty Liu Xizai said: "the word,. Liu Qiqing "Yulin bells" cloud: "from time immemorial the sorrow of parting, more Nakan cold clear autumn festival. Where you tonight? The willow shore, the morning breeze and the lingering moon. "On the two periods of parting cold, 'tonight' two words is the two sentence with. He has not dyed, language is also a separate apart, die. "That is to say, these four words are inseparable, mutual foil, foil each other, if inserting a sentence, can destroy the integrity of artistic conception, the unity of the image, and behind the two epigram, will also lose luster.

　"This last year" four words, to love language. They meet every day, really good, always feel happy; but after day non-stop, year after year, even if there is really good, also did not appreciate the interest, but increase doorposts. "This go away" two words, should be "want to go": "years" two words, "tonight", in time and thoughts are linked together, step by step. "Then there are thousands of style, the more who said," to question the whole word like Shoujiang induction, horse, live and live potential; and as Zhongliuguihai, while not causing.

　This word is because it is Kuai moxibustion population, artistic characteristic, achievement is very high. The early Song Dynasty, has recorded this word said, romance, deep and graceful, "only seventeen of eight girls, Zhihong yaban, song" the willow shore, the morning breeze and the lingering moon. The formation of this style depends on the construction of artistic conception. The poet at the scene of the use of traditional techniques to manci, the feeling of parting sorrow,

　Through the picture of the realm of expression, meaning and environment will form a realm of poetic beauty, painted readers with a strong artistic infection. The word is written, but the narrative is clear, bright and delicate scenery, with specific touches the sadness of natural scenery picture rendering theme, like to like the scenery, is to love, and to nature. At the end of the two sentence to make the finishing point, whole word color, as the famous cuisine moxibustion population ages.

　[appreciation 2]

　Liu Yong for manci puxu, longer than. This word is the expression of the author from the Beijing South Changting farewell scene. Don't slice Ji, from sunset rain break, farewell all doors, set up a boat to destroy the hair, tears, handle farewell, followed by layers of parting scenes and describe both farewell mood, like a song with a story of the opera, showing off the fatal scene. This with the same performance but with the parting sorrow Xing Tang and Five Dynasties poem is different taste. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Liu Ci was not only sung, but even far from the Western Xia dynasty. Liu CI prevailed in the city with the wind, the word is related with him, the intelligible circumstances are significantly. The next piece of bearing arms, "read" words and ideas, after the scene. "Liu Xizai": "the summary of words a bit. Liu Qiqing "Yu Ling Ling" cloud "affectionate adieu, more Nakan cold clear autumn festival. Where is the wine bottles, willow shore, the morning breeze and the lingering moon. ". On the two periods of parting cold, "tonight" is the two sentence, two sentence with". Indeed, "tonight" two words are pushed for the famous, not only lies in the virtual reality, virtual reality scene to write, but because "dyed" feeling and emotion into the scene. "Where" tonight. "Sober, connected account drink", although the "no clue" which is still a heavy drinker so intoxicated; "the willow shore, concentrated the the morning breeze and the lingering moon", a series of easy touch parting image, create a desolate with people. "This", to the situation would be king, put pen not too heavy, clumsy, by tonight"

　The thought of "years", from "Trinidad Yanbo" thought "thousands of style", from "Speechless choke" think more with what people say, and then circle back and forth in writing "it's so hard to say goodbye" endless melancholy.

　The song of words often have refined distinction, Liu has been guilty of "folk songs"". This word in the film "Shouxiang Leiyan" and other words, really simple vulgar, close to the house of courtesans with wining and dining. But the next piece of virtual and reality, the scene is mutual, enough to compare with other famous "Ya Ci", so it can be called vulgar, not hurt elegance, elegant, not avoid vulgar.

　[appreciation 3]

　Ci is a kind of special poem style in the history of literature. It originated from ancient Yuefu songs. It rose in Tang Dynasty. After the development of the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, it was very prosperous in Song dynasty. "Song Ci Poetry" has become a special term in the history of Chinese literature. The Song Dynasty not only many writers, and also a variety of style. The word style is mainly composed of gentle and graceful style, and Su Shicai was founded in the Northern Song dynasty. Liu Yong Ci Poetry of Song Dynasty is the representative of the school, he inherited and developed the outstanding love poetry style, don't hate parting moment, cut the red green "Yan Ke", "charming gentle heart", became the theme of Liu ci. "Rain bell" is the best expression of Liu's style.

　"This Song Yu Ling Ling is the author of" leave Bianjing (when the Northern Song Dynasty capital), and for Valentine's farewell. From the description, we can imagine that a late autumn evening, the Northern Song Dynasty (now Henan city) Kyoto Bianliang outside a makeshift tent, a pair of men and women do not drink. The tent, chilling miserably whine, like as they wound don't cry. The distance of the pavilion, has indistinct, visible evening, heavy rain has just stopped. Evening, the rain has stopped, the river came from time to time the boatman shouts: "the ship, to sail!" Two people have stood up slowly, step out of the tent, all attachment, can now really want to break up. You look at their hands together, their eyes, should not say a word. The ship opened and the people went,

　Drifting away. Lover's tears, the shore, with his hands, watched the boat disappear in the boundless haze.

　This is nine hundred and forty years ago in the Northern Song Dynasty poet Liu Yong's farewell scene, that is "Yu Lin" bell wrote the content on tablets. The first sentence ", pointing out the season -- autumn cicadas chill and drearily shrill", "cicada" and "cold", singing "blue", rendering the desolate atmosphere, for the following injury Zhang, also laid the emotional tone for the full text. "The Changting late", explain the time and place, "showers", describing the weather. When the rain stops, it will be late and the hours are limited. How they wish the rain would stop and it wouldn't be too late! "All door account drinks", you know, write Kyoto thing, say parting feeling. A table of good food wine, but two don't hurt feelings, full of sadness, no mind. Eating is not fragrant, but drinking is not pleasant". The boat "nostalgia" lover don't bear, the day will have to see a late cut their theemotions and "presses", this contradiction between subjective intention and objective situation, so that you reach a climax. "Handle" two sentences, vivid and delicate description of the situation. It's wonderful to draw. It only seemed to see the protagonist on the stage, two palms, two shoulder shrug, V. Speechless, silent cry, cry and sad than thousands and thousands of words, the more. On the surface, the situation of two people breaking up, actually writing their extremely complex and subtle inner activities. Sugary love thousands, only in the blink of tears. "Read to go" two sentences, for the close range vision linked, virtual scene blend. The thousands of miles, Chutian wide, the vast horizon, where is the way out? Parting is how much? The wind surge into the dusk. This not only wrote after lining empty disappointed mood, also suggested that the author confused politically frustrated after.

　"Rain" word written mainly after the upper and lower pain. When parting, since ancient times, but not the million in this cold autumn season, the people can tolerate? Second anaphora sentence, "autumn" should be "chilling", bring out their feeling of deeper meaning than the ancients, renovation, unworldly. "Tonight" two famous for thousands of years. "Sober". With "account, drink" love "can be seen at the time although no thread", so alcohol, or drunk. The night boat, have drunk misty, suddenly woke up, must have already dawn. Start busy looking lover in where? See the willow shore is only the morning breeze and the lingering moon. The clear autumn wind is cool, "month" before a "residual" word, and whole state. Bring his desolate desolate desolate mood at that time. At the moment of parting wind wave Yong, unstoppable. It is the "gloomy surge willow shore, leaving even the moon side wind".

　"This last year" four words written after the scene of false imagination. The author from the "tonight" thought "years", from "Trinidad Yanbo" thought "thousands of style", from "Speechless condensate pharynx" think more with what people say". The author from the lonely, lonely lover, extremely, from the future even if there is beauty, only useless, but there is more beauty, more people read trouble. I am afraid that in the future only in the "desolate, qiqicancan" wasted more than day. In the last two sentences, "one", "one", one "more" indicates the eagerness to read, the love of love.

　"This Song Yu Lin bells" mainly in the bleak autumn to Valentine's hard to break away from the situation, we can see that the author was frustrated in the career, have left Beijing travel, the feeling of depression and lose the love of comfort the pain together, will become the main melody of the spectrum of the poem. Its success is to write out his real feelings, but the style is too low, some sad mood. In addition, the technique of expression, this poem in narration, description and sketch depicting the environment, modality, vivid. The scenery is connected close range vision, virtual real love is best combination; rendering the foil, step by step. Love with the king, king with the affections, scenes, touching.

　[appreciation 4]

　"Rain, rain and bell" is a famous masterpiece of Liu yong.

　This poem is the poet in career frustration, had to leave Kyoto (now Henan Bianjing, Kaifeng) when written, is on the arena feel very representative of A. The first word reached the scene of parting sorrow, the realm of art. The main contents of the word is a desolate autumn as a foil to express and lover hard situation. Huantu and frustrated and lovers parting, two kinds of pain are intertwined, the poet felt more promising dim and slim.

　The word is divided into two terms.

　The tie down mainly to write off when Nanshenanfen farewell scene, express parting sorrow.

　The first "of Changting late, cicadas chill and drearily shrill, showers early break" three sentence writing environment, point out when the season is bleak bleak autumn, location is outside the City Bianjing Changting, the specific time is after the cold evening. Through the description of scenery and emotion into the scene, with the atmosphere, accurately when the sad mood lovers were reflected, for all words under the sad tone. Truly every scenery and his feelings.

　"All door accounts" is the case of parting. Set up a feast in the capital outside the implied career frustration, and breaking up with a lover. "No clue" means not knowing what to do, and what it means to "cut and break". Wrote a can not bear to leave, but not other thoughts. "Nostalgia, lanzhoucuifa". Is the occasion of the boatman and cannot bear to part from each other, after the "muster". Revealed the reality of the heartless and the poet's inner pain.

　"Shouxiang Leiyan, actually Speechless choke." Have to do something else. A pair of lovers, tightly holding hands, tears, who is not a word to say. These two to each other, grief, attachment and feelings of helplessness, write the most incisive lovers sad, lost soul like, yueranzhishang. This is the so-called "line drawing techniques, language is not strange, and intends to close".

　"Want to go, Trinidad Yanbo, dusk is falling Chutian wide." Write after missing the expected. Gloomy mood words of the hero in the shadow color Tianrong coating. A "read" word, tell the reader that the following scenery is imaginary. "Going" means more and more miles away. These two words are good, and have to go, including from the infinite sorrow. As long as the boat sail train, will be more and more far, but along the way, the thousands of miles deep dusk, finally drifting to the vast south. Deep sorrow, don't hate bitter shows between the lines. From the word structure, the two by the upper and lower false writing is to write to you, with a connecting role.

　The upper and lower focuses on imagination after sad scene.

　At the beginning the author first "a pen, put their feelings to common sense:" passionate adieu". Means that since ancient times, passionate people will be sad because of parting. Since ancient times, the two characters, from individual and special phenomena, have been promoted as a universal and widespread phenomenon, expanding the meaning of words. But then more Nakan cold clear autumn festival ", stressed that they had to bear the pain of the ancients, than ordinary people more and more. Jiang Yan in the "Fu" said: "the only person not only deeply grieved!" the ancients felt melt in their own words, and create new layers of overweight.

　"Where is sober willow shore the morning breeze and the lingering moon?." This is written in sober mind, he is wandering the arena experience. The two clever in love with king, truly "King language love language". "Willow" and "stay" homophonic, write hard to stay away from the situation; after chilling cold Xiaofeng, write; Canyue broken, write Venice Italy in the future. This a few scene language, people will sad melancholy, lonely sad feeling, very full, true, create a unique artistic conception. No wonder it is commendable, become famous.

　From the future long-term vision: "this last year should be free. "Then there are thousands of amorous feelings, and more people," said the four, a deeper guess, after parting, miserable situation. The next day the long lonely you endured? If there are really good, is because there is no dummy, beloved and his dramas; then step back, even in front of beautiful scenery, can have some feelings, but to whom to tell anyway?,

　All can not afford to arouse interest, these words of the poet's yearning, sentimental meaning described to the nuanced, to the point of the extreme, but also convey the feelings of concern for each other. The sentence appears more strongly in the form of questions.

　"Yu Lin bells" whole word around the "parting" and ideas, write before departure, focusing on the outline of environment; write the departure time, focusing on the description of modality; write after imagination, focusing on the characterization of psychology. No matter the outline of environment, description of modality, imagine the future, they all pay attention to the beginning, false and true, do in-depth, and describe the scenes, such as read, do not see traces of the ups and downs of freely flowing style of writing, in. This poem is written by the mood of real feelings too sad, too low, but the poet depressed mood and the pain of love lost. Very vivid. Through the ages, people who have suffered from parting have a strong resonance when they read this "rain bell".

　[appreciation 5]

　In the bright stars of the Northern Song Dynasty Ci, Liu Yong is one of the brightest stars. The dream of the Southern Song Dynasty has been recorded in "summer record". "There is a well water and a place can sing a song of Liu Ci", which is a proof. Among the numerous words, "rain bell" is one of the most popular works. The descendants of "Liu three drops of powder rub the morning breeze and the lingering moon, crisp left with the words" banter language. Liu Yong, formerly known as the three words, Qi Qing. A teenager to Bianjing examination, because of good lyrics, familiar with many singers, and for their music and lyrics, showing a prodigal style. At that time some people recommend him in front of the group of four, only the words: "and go to the lyrics". Liu Yong after being hit, no way, just joking attitude, claiming to be "Feng Liu three lyrics", lead a wandering life in cities such as Hangzhou, Kaifeng, Suzhou. The frustrated boring, hang Fang Song, inspired by musicians and their singing, the poets in melody, to create a large number of new Yuefu song (for manci), welcomed by the general public.

　Since ancient times, men and women parting poems of Qu Fu and Liu Yong's unique emerge in an endless stream, manci "Yu Ling Ling" Jingjiubushuai, read so far, this is indeed a very worthy of study. Exploration of the reasons, it has a close relationship with the rough experience, but I think, "also lies in its unique technique of expression of Yu Lin bells" success: a structured, clear semantics, elaborate scenery, pour out the mood, rarely hide; good at using "dyed" method, paint, rendering. Here is a brief analysis of "rain forest bell":

　The first to write out the word, is the most incisive, no more than enough. The whole word is conceived around "hurt parting". The level is particularly clear and the language is concise and clear. Before you write the parting, focusing on the outline of environment; write parting time, focusing on the description of modality; write after imagination, focusing on the characterization of psychology. The three level, layers of depth, from different aspects, try to write the parting sorrow for the concept, alas.

　The beginning of the three word sentence time, place, scene, event is Jianbie and his beloved people. At night, rain stopped, a blue cicadas chirping, farewell, how could people can endure the pain of parting! The cicadas help Tim desolation, and that is the beginning of a word "blue", set the tone for this poem. A bleak atmosphere unfolded on this floor. "The door" two pole, write farewell when the mood, circumlocutory. Two love, devotion to the occasion, the ship has been urging. Psychological contradictions, want to drink no thread, want to stay. From this, I can see the lingering affection. "Handle" sentences, then deepen in painting, "handle", "see", "Speechless" makes people sad lost soul. This floor is written with nostalgia. More than two layers as loop, cadence and throughput capabilities, enough to make people cry. "Want to go", it is the atmosphere, Yixieqianli, like the gap, straight Chi Hirakawa, also my mind. To "read" the leading word belt, that is to imagine the distant road, Trinidad Yanbo, dusk is falling, Chutian wide "vast Yanbo, heavy haze, the vast sky, is full of scenery,

　In fact, all inclusive is love, set off the future of travelers vast, lovers meet indefinitely, boundless scenery and infinite love. The first to love, parting sorrow sigh since ancient times, "keynote farewell injury" which of the poem. "More Nakan cold clear autumn festival" and will promote a layer, and I was left out in the cold autumn season, this is how unbearable! This is the "Fu" of Jiang Yan deeply grieved alone don't just carry on "Song Yu and autumn emotion combination, to extract the two. To melt the feelings of the ancients into their own words, and to endow them with new meanings. "Tonight" two words, and further deduce the desolate, but really don't like those elegant scenery, when seen in the boat. This is a wonderful thing in the scene. "When I departed, willow." ("Book of Songs pick up") is also written farewell. The parting of the people saw the willow, will think of parting scenes will emerge out of reluctant to part, in other scenarios we will write for Liu, with a plume of sadness. "Willow shore" three words, Ming write the scene, and dark write, do not love, appear veiled and have aftertaste. A few such as personally on the scene, the idea is to forget. "The" two sentences, then after that long loneliness, wasted life. "Then there are two sentences," and then from the last two encounters, in-depth, sigh will be difficult, no one to tell the feelings, the art of "farewell" to a climax. The above third layers are really "endless hatred, endless aftertaste" (Tang Guizhang's brief explanation of Tang and Song Dynasties).

　The first word will, and after parting assumptions, the line drawing technique elaborate scenery, pour out the mood, structured, clear semantics, rarely hide under the guise. Especially after the scene description better than really really, in the scene, people do not feel is fictional, which shows the sublime art of Liu yong. So called is nice and delicate, king of love....... "Willow shore, so popular is the morning breeze and the lingering moon."." (Xie Zhangting "backgammon villa poetry" and "") that Trinidad Yanbo 'Farewell feelings have been better; "thousands of style" phase may also credit. What is called a good and lifelike person?." ("Li Panlong" Jun Tang Shi Yu) this is a beauty of the poem. But I think Liu Xizai in the "Yi" in the "Polish", it is worthy of the statement. He thinks:

　The word has dyed, Qing Yu Lin "bell" "want to go" three sentences, point out the parting desolate; "tonight" two sentences, but on the three sentence with. He has not dyed, language apart, or die also be

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