赋予使命与价值生Jack Welch

　Dear，

　身边同事有幸参加了刘兆岩老师组织的【第十五届学习型组织国际研讨会】，这个跨文化（一半以上的参会者来自新加坡、台湾、香港）、跨组织、跨领域的会议给我留下了深刻的印象。参会者大部分是企业家或企业的高阶主管，他们分享了在他们的企业如何建设学习型组织。同事与我们分享，这次分享活动没有复杂的管理模型，也不是一些冠冕堂皇的陈词滥调，我听到的是一个又一个有血有肉的、活生生的故事，他们分享了如何将他们的使命和价值融入到每一个决策和每一次跟员工的沟通中，他们也分享他们的感动——这些使命和价值如何在自己的员工身上发酵。

　从这些故事里，我真切感受到，一个有使命感的企业家真正在影响着千千万万的追随者，这些追随者在这里找到了自己的价值，并清楚的知道自己前进的方向，他们在一个有共同追求和价值的团队中共同成长。尽管前面还面临着各种各样的挑战，尽管前进的过程并不轻松，但只要找到了路，就不怕路远。

　推荐来自Jack Welch的这篇文章——赋予使命与价值生命，如同Jack Welch所说“请耐着性子”，我们值得在最重要的事情上花点时间、用点心力，赋予使命与价值生命...

　赋予使命与价值生命

　~有血有肉的东西，谁把它讲得空洞无物？

　——前GE总裁 Jack Welch

　.

　请耐着性子，听我谈谈使命和价值。

　我之所以开门见山就谈这些，是因为这两个名词是商业上最抽象、最为滥用、而且遭人误解最深的词汇之一。听众经常问我这些方面的问题，而对于它们的实际意义和重要性，提问者往往带有某种程度的不知所措。（在纽约，有人这么问我：【麻烦你定义一下使命和价值的差别，也告诉我们，其中的差别，又有什么影响？】）商学院老师要学生撰写使命宣言和讨论价值，导致他们的观念更为混淆。这种无中生有的作业，只是白费力气罢了。许多公司也会要求资深高阶主管做同样的事，目的通常是为了写成堂而皇之的饰扁，挂在入口大厅。

　这么做的结果，往往得到一套一点用处也没有的陈腔滥调，徒教员工无所适从，或者引来冷漠以待，嘲讽谄笑。【某某公司重视品质和服务】，或者【某某公司以客为尊】，这样的使命宣言，有谁不知道？请告诉我，有哪家公司不重视品质和服务，或者不时时刻刻把顾客放在心上！又有谁不知道，一家公司投入无数的时间，经过一番情绪激昂的唇枪舌剑，但是得出来的价值，尽管听起来头头是道，却好像是从放诸四海而皆准的美德清单上摘录出来似的，像是【品德、品质、卓越、服务、尊重】。得了吧！每家正派的公司不都拥抱这些东西？而且坦白说，品德就像参加比赛的入场券，骨子里少了它，就不准上场。

　相形之下，一份好的使命宣言和一套好的价值，会像一巴掌打在你脸上般，火辣辣地那么具体实在。使命明确宣布你准备往哪里去，价值则描述哪些行为能让你到达目的地。讲到这，我要说，我其实很想舍弃【价值】（Values）一词，改采【行为】（behaviours）这个字眼。不过，既然相沿成习，我们还是使用常见的词汇吧。

　先谈使命……

　根据我的经验，有效的使命宣言基本上要回答一个问题：【我们在这项业务上，打算怎么赢过别人？】 使命宣言要回答的既不是：【往日的美好时光中，我们擅长做什么事？】也不是：【我们要如何描述的业务，才不曾惹毛任何单位、事业部或者高阶主管？】 【我们在这项业务上，打算怎么赢过别人？】这个问题一语中的。它要求公司在人员、投资和其他资源上做选择，并且防止他们掉进常见的使命陷阱里。这些陷阱声称有办法随时供应所有人所要的一切。这个问题强迫公司勾勒出自身的优势和弱点，藉以评估它们要站在竞技场的什么地方，经营才能够获利。

　是的，获利——这才是关键。连自由奔放、嬉皮味浓厚、以拯救世界为职志的佛蒙特州冰淇淋公司班杰利Ben&Jerry’s,也将【获利成长】和【增进利害关系人的价值】，列入它的使命宣言三部曲。因为它的高阶主管晓得，财务成绩不好看，所有的社会目标都没有机会达成。

　这并不是说，使命不可以立意大胆或是大发宏愿。举例来说，班杰利想卖【纯天然冰淇淋和令人雀跃的调制食品】，并致力【改善地方、全国、国际的生活品质】。这样的遣词用字棒极了，它的力量绝对足以鼓舞人心，觉得自己参与了一份重责大任。以GE公司的使命来说。1981年到1995年，我们立志成为【世界上竞争力最强的企业体】，不管在哪个市场，都必须数一数二，凡是绩效不彰、无法达到那种地位的业务，都必须整顿、出售或者裁撤。这个使命的意义是什么，或者要做些什么事，一点疑问也没有。它十分明确，道尽一切，一点都不抽象。而且，它也展现了对全球市场的宏大期许。

　这个使命以多种不同的方式绽现生命力。首先，在那个时代，经营策略多藏在总公司里的某个信封里，葫芦里到底卖些什么药，人们只能捕风捉影，胡乱猜测。我们却公开谈论哪些业务已经排名第一或者第二，以及哪些业务必须赶紧亡羊补牢，或者打退堂鼓。这种开诚布公，震撼了我们的体系，却也带来不可思议的效果，把使命活生生地呈现在员工面前。业务出售时，他们也许咬牙切齿，但是却了解为什么非这么做不可。

　此外，不论大小会议，我们都不厌其烦，一再阐述我们背负的使命。每个决策或者提案，都直指使命。我们公开表扬、奖励实践使命的员工，至于那些无法达成使命要求的人，不管无法达成的原因是什么（通常只是一味缅怀【过去的美好时光】），我们都请他们走路。

　回顾1981年，GE是有可能提出截然不同的使命宣言。例如，经过无数次的辩论，以及深入地分析了技术、竞争对手和顾客之后，我们也许决定成为世界上最富创意的电机产品设计公司。或者，我们可能决定，获利最高的方式，是迅速彻底推动每项业务走向全球化，不管它们的市场地位如何。

　这两个使命都会带领GE走上和目前完全不同的道路。我们将因此买进、卖出不同于目前的业务，或者雇用、解雇不同的人才。从技术层面来说，它们的确也可以做为使命，这点我毫无异议。它们既具体又明确。电机产品的使命，无疑能让GE大多数员工安心。毕竟，大部分人都认为GE是一家电器公司。进军全球的使命，可能令其他人惶恐不安。剧变通常教人惊慌失措。最后要谈的是使命的制定。你要如何制定使命？

　在我看来，这件事根本不费吹灰之力。你可以从任何地方广征意见，洗耳恭听每个角落里的聪明人怎么说。但是制定使命是高阶经理人的责任。除了最终必须负起责任的人，使命无法、也不应该下授给任何人。

　事实上，使命是公司领导力见真章的时刻。那是领导实力的真正考验。……再谈价值

　前面说过，价值就是行为——明确清楚、实事求是、不厌其详，不容想像力有发挥的空间。价值必须能够作为员工的行军令，因为它们说明如何实践使命，也就是作为达成目的—致胜—的手段。公司里面的每个人都应该对价值表达某些意见。这点和使命的制定不同。没错，这样一来也就会天下大乱，不过没关系。小型企业中，人人都能在各种会议中参与讨论。比较大型的组织，做起来则困难许多。但是你可以利用公司的全员会议、训练课程等，尽量让最多的人参与讨论，也可以利用内部网络，征询更多的意见。扩大参与真的会有所帮助，因为你能了解的更深入，也能激发更多构想。最重要的是，整个过程结束时，接受那些价值的人会多很多。

　顺便一提，制定价值的实际过程，必须反复推敲琢磨。高阶主管可以提出第一版的内容，但应该仅止于第一版。然后将这份文件发给全组织的人员，接受他们一而再、再而三挑剔和探究。而且高阶主管团队必须闪开，确保创造出一种氛围，让员工觉得他们有责任贡献意见。如果在你的公司，说真话会被扁得很惨，那么这种发展价值的方法就不管用。我晓得有这种状况，所以只要你继续呆在那里，就只能忍气吞声，遵守前厅牌匾上所写的训词。但是，如果你服务的公司真的欢迎百家争鸣（许多公司的确是这样），这时不贡献一点意见，实在说不过去。要是你希望公司的价值和行为，是你能够了解俄而且愿意遵循的，那就说出你的主张。

　布达要不厌其详

　我刚当上执行长的时候，当然曾经发表暧昧不明、让人雾里看花的价值。比方说，1981年，我在年报中写道：GE的领导人【面对现实】、【实现卓越】、【当家作主】。这些老生常谈听来悦耳动听，但是距离描述真正的行为，却还天差地远。

　1991年，我们有了长足的进步。在那之前的三年内，五千余名员工各花了一点自己的时间，参与发展我们的价值。结论变得具体的多。我们把那些价值印成名片大小的亮片卡片。内容包括一些非做不可的事，例如【天马行空——时时寻找并运用最好的观念，不管它们来自何处】、【绝不容忍官僚习气】、【留意变革带来的成长机会】。当时，其中有些行为需要进一步阐释和解读。我们无时无刻不在做这件事，在会议上、打考绩的时候，甚至饮水机旁边都不放过。

　离开GE之后，我才发现，当时关于价值和行为的讨论其实可以更深入。2004年，杰米.戴蒙（Jamie Dimon）和比尔.哈里逊（Bill Harrison）合力为美一银行（Bank One）与摩根大通银行（JPMorgan Chase）合并后的新银行，研究价值及行为。他们用来开启对话的文件，来自美一银行。这家银行巨细靡遗地列出价值和与之对应的行为，这是我见过最详细的一份文件。

　例如，【待顾客如己】这个价值，从文字上看，好像已经十分明白。不过，美一银行一共列示了十或十二种行为，让这个价值活了起来，兹列举数则如下：

　l 不要因为利润中心制度的冲突，而放弃对顾客有益的事情。

　l 给顾客公平的好交易。优良的顾客关系，需要花时间经营。不要为了追求最高的短期利润，而放弃经营长久的顾客关系。

　l 时时想方设法，让别人更容易和我们做生意。

　l 每天和你的顾客沟通。他们和你讲话的时候，自然就没办法和竞争对手讲话。

　l 别忘了说【谢谢】。

　美一银行的另一个价值是：【我们籍由高效率的出色营运，努力成为低成本供应商。】他们订定的行为如下：

　l 越精简愈好。

　l 消除官僚习气。

　l 时时力求减少浪费。

　l 营运应该快速、简单。

　l 珍惜彼此的时间。

　l 投资于基础设施。

　l 我们是自己业务的专家，我们不需要顾问告诉我们要做什么。

　如果你觉得详细到这种程度让人受不了，甚至是教条，我能够理解你的感受。第一次看到杰米这份单行间距、长达五页的价值和行为条件，我差点跌破眼镜。但是细读之后，我终于了解它的力量。根据我过去几年，从世界各地企业员工那里所听到的故事，我可以向你保证：价值和它们的相关行为，说得再怎么明确都不嫌过分。

　信赏必罚

　明白阐述价值和行为是不够的，还得有功必赏，有过则罚。为了让人觉得价值是来真的，公司务必奖励行为符合价值的人员，【惩罚】没有表现的人。相信我，这样你会赢得更轻松。

　我会这样说是因为，每当我们请工作绩效优异、行为却未展现价值的经理人走路（而且我们会公布这种事），整个组织的反应出奇地好。在前后超过十年的年度调查中，员工告诉我们，我们这家公司愈来愈符合它的价值。员工也因此对价值更加身体力行。而且随着员工满意度提高，我们的财务表现也蒸蒸日上。

　最后，使命与价值贯彻如一

　有具体的使命固然很好，能够描述明确的行为的价值也很好。但是，一家公司的使命和价值要能真正共同发挥成效，成为智胜锦囊，两者都必须要相得益彰。

　一家公司的价值应该能辅助它的使命，这话似乎其理至明，不是吗？但是，事实往往不是如此。公司架构的各个部分脱节，可能是疏漏，并非故意，但是这种事情常常发生。最常见的情况是，一家公司的使命和它的价值，因为日常经营上的小危机而分道扬镳。例如，市场上蹦出一家竞争同业，并且降低售价，于是你也跟进降低求售，结果违背了以优异的顾客服务取胜的使命。或者，不景气来袭，你决定缩减广告预算，而忘了你的使命是提升并拓展品牌。这些使命与行为脱节的例子，也许看来微不足道，或者只是一时的现象，但是如果放任不管，久而久之一定会伤害公司，事实上，最糟的结果会是毁了一项业务。我认为安达信公司（Arthur Andersen）和安隆公司（Enron）的丑闻就是这么发生。

　安达信创立于约一个世纪前，它所制定的使命是成为世界上最受尊敬和信任的稽核公司。这家公司以敢于说【不】自豪，即使因此失去顾客也在所不惜。它成功地聘雇了能力最强、操守最好的合格会计师，并且奖励他们以工作赢得世界各地企业和主管机关的信赖。

　1980年代的繁荣景气来临，安达信决定经营顾问业务；企业顾问这一行那时正热闹，更别提有大把的钞票可赚。这家公司开始雇用更多的企业硕士，比照顾问业不断飞涨的行情，支付他们愈来愈高的薪水。1989年，让公司拆成两个事业体；传统会计事业部门的安达信会计事务所，以及安达信顾问公司，两者同在安达信全球事业（Andersen Worldwide）一把大伞底下。顾问公司通常鼓励创意，并犒赏积极推销，奖励员工把顾客从一件案子带到下一件案子，而不是那么重视他们的品德。尤其是1990年代，顾问业充斥着逐鹿市场，业绩挂帅的氛围与心态，安达信的会计事业也感受到冲击。有些会计显然淹没在洪流之中，把长久以来引领他们的稽核业务价值抛诸脑后。

　1990年代大部分的时候，安达信都处于自我交战的状态。顾问业务补贴稽核业务，顾问事业部门当然不高兴；而稽核事业部门这厢，对顾问师的蛮勇，也不敢恭维。在这种情况下，员工怎么会知道【我们真正的使命是什么】、【哪种价值最重要】以及【我们的行为举止应该如何】？这些问题的答案，端视你在公司里面执行的业务而定。这也是为什么公司合伙人会为了公司利润要如何拆帐，终于对簿公堂。

　到了2002年，大树终究垮了，而这和使命与价值脱臼的关系不小。从很多方面来看，安隆的垮台，也是相同的原因。安隆本来是一家单纯而相当普通的管线与能源公司，人人都专注于运用既快速又便宜的方式，把天然气从一地送到另一地。他们在搜寻能源和配送方面具备专长，所以能把他们的使命实践得很好。后来，这家公司和安达信一样，改变了它的使命。有人灵机一动，让安隆摇身一变成为贸易公司。同样的，目标是为了加速成长。在安达信，一板一眼的会计稽核人员，突然间和身着阿玛尼的MBA同处一间办公司。而在安隆，穿着连身工作服，突然间和身穿吊带裤的MBA一起搭电梯（同样是比喻说法）。

　安隆有了新使命后，先是专注于能源交易，按着扩大疆域，开始买卖所有东西。那种改变在当时也许相当刺激有趣，但是显然没人停下脚步，思索一下，并且明确指出哪些价值和对应的行为，可以支持这种轻率的目标。交易促成了营运重地，管线和能源开发业务被贬为边陲。很遗憾，安隆对这群穿吊带裤的人，并没有一套检验和制衡程序。这样的运作程序下（应该说是乱无章法），安隆垮了。和安达信一样，这个使命与价值脱臼的故事，结局是以数以千计的无辜者失去了工作。真是一场悲剧。本文一开始就指出，企业人大谈使命和价值，往往只是坐而言，却没有起而行。没有人希望如此。但是，这两个旨趣高远却语意不明的词汇，似乎总是难逃这样的下场。可是，如果你不把使命讲得明白，不把价值说个具体，你的损失可是太大了。我的意思并不是说，贵公司会像安达信和安隆那样，发光发热之后灰飞烟灭。这两家公司只是使命和价值萎顿的极端例子。但是，如果领航贵公司的明灯，仅是那些挂在大厅墙上、说的好听的陈腔滥调，我敢说，贵公司必定无法将潜能发挥到淋漓尽致。

　我当然晓得，订定一个好的使命，建构能够支持这个使命的价值，这得花不少时间，投入无数心血。你必须参加冗长、争论不休、恨不得早点回家的会议；你必须用电子邮件和同事辩个没完没了，巴不得把那些时间拿来做点正经事。有时，即使你心痛如绞，也不得不和你喜欢的同事告别，只因为他们无法奉行使命或者遵循它的价值。碰到这种时候，你也许会希望使命和价值能够模棱两可、平凡无奇。

　万万不可。

　花点时间，用点心力。

　赋予使命与价值生命。

　guarantee for the great struggle. This aspects XI General Secretary of speech main including exercise thrift, against extravagance mass line is party of lifeline and fundamental work route accurate grasp party of mass line education practice activities of guideline and target requirements set and develop "three strict three real" of style put power shut into system of cage in using history wisdom advance anti-corruption construction in-depth advance style clean government and anti-corruption struggle develop nail nail of spirit, a Zhang good of blueprint worked to... 9. other aspects. 18 big yilai, XI General Secretary also respectively on diplomatic, and military, and ecological construction, aspects published has important speech, covers has construction ecological civilization, and advance defense and army modern, and rich "one country, two systems" practice and advance country unified, and go peace development road, and promoted building new powers relationship, and go good around diplomatic work, and strengthening and developing countries solidarity cooperation, and active participation multilateral affairs, and science of thinking and work method, many aspects. XI Jinping, Secretary of a series of important speeches, and further enrich and develop the party's theory, line, principles and policies, the party puts forward new requirements for more contemporary features, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Four methods. To address the relationship between comprehensive and focused on science. In the process of learning, we should follow as a good study and carry out the "wise men" to conduct a comprehensive collaborative learning; and with their own jobs, focus research and understanding spirit, grasp the potential requirements. For example, every party member should be according to the various branches of learning program, an article does not go into a link, no leakage of conducting a comprehensive study, and combined with their own duties and responsibilities, be focused and targeted Geoscience. Like, leaders to highlight learning XI on ruling acting political know of deep love of cut dry in practice go in forefront of river new language out poverty XI on coordination advance "four a full" strategy layout discusses excerpts XI on full deepening reform discusses excerpts XI on full law ruling discusses excerpts 18 big yilai XI on major economic problem discusses excerpts, discipline to highlight learning XI on strict party of discipline and rules discusses excerpts XI Jinping, on the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption discussed excerpts, technology to highlight the learning of the XI Jinping on technological innovation and discusses excerpts, XI Jinping, education should highlight the important excerpts of work on education and so on. To address the relation between stage and often science. Phase has the advantage of time to focus on fast, to highlight the theme, focused, result; often learn the advantages of flexible fit, form, subtle, continues to

　guarantee for the great struggle. This aspects XI General Secretary of speech main including exercise thrift, against extravagance mass line is party of lifeline and fundamental work route accurate grasp party of mass line education practice activities of guideline and target requirements set and develop "three strict three real" of style put power shut into system of cage in using history wisdom advance anti-corruption construction in-depth advance style clean government and anti-corruption struggle develop nail nail of spirit, a Zhang good of blueprint worked to... 9. other aspects. 18 big yilai, XI General Secretary also respectively on diplomatic, and military, and ecological construction, aspects published has important speech, covers has construction ecological civilization, and advance defense and army modern, and rich "one country, two systems" practice and advance country unified, and go peace development road, and promoted building new powers relationship, and go good around diplomatic work, and strengthening and developing countries solidarity cooperation, and active participation multilateral affairs, and science of thinking and work method, many aspects. XI Jinping, Secretary of a series of important speeches, and further enrich and develop the party's theory, line, principles and policies, the party puts forward new requirements for more contemporary features, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Four methods. To address the relationship between comprehensive and focused on science. In the process of learning, we should follow as a good study and carry out the "wise men" to conduct a comprehensive collaborative learning; and with their own jobs, focus research and understanding spirit, grasp the potential requirements. For example, every party member should be according to the various branches of learning program, an article does not go into a link, no leakage of conducting a comprehensive study, and combined with their own duties and responsibilities, be focused and targeted Geoscience. Like, leaders to highlight learning XI on ruling acting political know of deep love of cut dry in practice go in forefront of river new language out poverty XI on coordination advance "four a full" strategy layout discusses excerpts XI on full deepening reform discusses excerpts XI on full law ruling discusses excerpts 18 big yilai XI on major economic problem discusses excerpts, discipline to highlight learning XI on strict party of discipline and rules discusses excerpts XI Jinping, on the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption discussed excerpts, technology to highlight the learning of the XI Jinping on technological innovation and discusses excerpts, XI Jinping, education should highlight the important excerpts of work on education and so on. To address the relation between stage and often science. Phase has the advantage of time to focus on fast, to highlight the theme, focused, result; often learn the advantages of flexible fit, form, subtle, continues to

　deepen. In General, periodic high priority on learning, easy to grasp and practice: recurrent learning factors, long time, prone to "sluggish". Learning programmes are explicitly required to learn education is not an event, but to highlight the normal education, differentiated levels, heart, catch a fine practice, the real party's ideological and political construction in the everyday, often. This requires that we do a good job phase focused learning based on knowledge contests, comments on rewards in the form, pay special attention to recurring studies. To handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. For any unit or individual, objectively speaking, in the process of carrying out the party Constitution Party rules and spirit, there is a problem with strong and weak, which we need to pay attention to the actual learning content, and handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. On one hand, we must always keep a humble attitude, good deal, Continue the hardening. The other hand, always keep the spirit of energetic, pegged to the weak link to find gaps, fill the short Board. Short Board issues should not be underestimated, the saying goes, have short Board, add a short. This tells us, there are weaknesses shortcomings and do not be afraid, fear is a blind eye and not to repair, the result is poor is worse and the weak weaker. United States politics home zhamusi, and Wilson and prevention crime learn experts qiaozhikailin proposed has a famous of broken window theory, that, if a building House has a fan window of glass broken has, and this fan Windows no get timely repair, others on May to broke more of window glass, time a long, these damaged of window on to people caused a disorder, and matter of feel, results in this mass errors think no attention, and no management of atmosphere Xia, some bad culture, and violations behavior on will breeding and spread. Reality life in the is such, clean of wall Shang, suddenly was posted has a Zhang ad, if didn't people management, not out days this wall Shang on will appeared greatly small many of advertising; private take mess built phenomenon is so, began circle a small block to built a small shed put things, if didn't people timely stop, he on dare built a hut live people, time long has didn't people tube, wants to tube Shi on difficult has. Therefore, the solid strong is important, a lot to learn is also important. Third, key, grasp the learning objective of education is to train a qualified party member "two" study and education to its core essence is learning and doing. Learning and doing are mutually reinforcing, if optical can't do, study leave, real learning deficiency, while sweating, wind and water, "one fishing white" became "fake words and not the mules". Learning party rules did not comply with the party Constitution, address the learning series is not used, instead, learn and do, imagine this "learning", how do you meet the eligibility requirements of party members. Therefore, the "two" basic learning, the key is in use, do, line. In particular, is a qualified party members to grasp the following three points. To strengthen "four

　deepen. In General, periodic high priority on learning, easy to grasp and practice: recurrent learning factors, long time, prone to "sluggish". Learning programmes are explicitly required to learn education is not an event, but to highlight the normal education, differentiated levels, heart, catch a fine practice, the real party's ideological and political construction in the everyday, often. This requires that we do a good job phase focused learning based on knowledge contests, comments on rewards in the form, pay special attention to recurring studies. To handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. For any unit or individual, objectively speaking, in the process of carrying out the party Constitution Party rules and spirit, there is a problem with strong and weak, which we need to pay attention to the actual learning content, and handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. On one hand, we must always keep a humble attitude, good deal, Continue the hardening. The other hand, always keep the spirit of energetic, pegged to the weak link to find gaps, fill the short Board. Short Board issues should not be underestimated, the saying goes, have short Board, add a short. This tells us, there are weaknesses shortcomings and do not be afraid, fear is a blind eye and not to repair, the result is poor is worse and the weak weaker. United States politics home zhamusi, and Wilson and prevention crime learn experts qiaozhikailin proposed has a famous of broken window theory, that, if a building House has a fan window of glass broken has, and this fan Windows no get timely repair, others on May to broke more of window glass, time a long, these damaged of window on to people caused a disorder, and matter of feel, results in this mass errors think no attention, and no management of atmosphere Xia, some bad culture, and violations behavior on will breeding and spread. Reality life in the is such, clean of wall Shang, suddenly was posted has a Zhang ad, if didn't people management, not out days this wall Shang on will appeared greatly small many of advertising; private take mess built phenomenon is so, began circle a small block to built a small shed put things, if didn't people timely stop, he on dare built a hut live people, time long has didn't people tube, wants to tube Shi on difficult has. Therefore, the solid strong is important, a lot to learn is also important. Third, key, grasp the learning objective of education is to train a qualified party member "two" study and education to its core essence is learning and doing. Learning and doing are mutually reinforcing, if optical can't do, study leave, real learning deficiency, while sweating, wind and water, "one fishing white" became "fake words and not the mules". Learning party rules did not comply with the party Constitution, address the learning series is not used, instead, learn and do, imagine this "learning", how do you meet the eligibility requirements of party members. Therefore, the "two" basic learning, the key is in use, do, line. In particular, is a qualified party members to grasp the following three points. To strengthen "four

　guarantee for the great struggle. This aspects XI General Secretary of speech main including exercise thrift, against extravagance mass line is party of lifeline and fundamental work route accurate grasp party of mass line education practice activities of guideline and target requirements set and develop "three strict three real" of style put power shut into system of cage in using history wisdom advance anti-corruption construction in-depth advance style clean government and anti-corruption struggle develop nail nail of spirit, a Zhang good of blueprint worked to... 9. other aspects. 18 big yilai, XI General Secretary also respectively on diplomatic, and military, and ecological construction, aspects published has important speech, covers has construction ecological civilization, and advance defense and army modern, and rich "one country, two systems" practice and advance country unified, and go peace development road, and promoted building new powers relationship, and go good around diplomatic work, and strengthening and developing countries solidarity cooperation, and active participation multilateral affairs, and science of thinking and work method, many aspects. XI Jinping, Secretary of a series of important speeches, and further enrich and develop the party's theory, line, principles and policies, the party puts forward new requirements for more contemporary features, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, is a guide to persisting and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Four methods. To address the relationship between comprehensive and focused on science. In the process of learning, we should follow as a good study and carry out the "wise men" to conduct a comprehensive collaborative learning; and with their own jobs, focus research and understanding spirit, grasp the potential requirements. For example, every party member should be according to the various branches of learning program, an article does not go into a link, no leakage of conducting a comprehensive study, and combined with their own duties and responsibilities, be focused and targeted Geoscience. Like, leaders to highlight learning XI on ruling acting political know of deep love of cut dry in practice go in forefront of river new language out poverty XI on coordination advance "four a full" strategy layout discusses excerpts XI on full deepening reform discusses excerpts XI on full law ruling discusses excerpts 18 big yilai XI on major economic problem discusses excerpts, discipline to highlight learning XI on strict party of discipline and rules discusses excerpts XI Jinping, on the construction of clean and honest Government and fight against corruption discussed excerpts, technology to highlight the learning of the XI Jinping on technological innovation and discusses excerpts, XI Jinping, education should highlight the important excerpts of work on education and so on. To address the relation between stage and often science. Phase has the advantage of time to focus on fast, to highlight the theme, focused, result; often learn the advantages of flexible fit, form, subtle, continues to

　deepen. In General, periodic high priority on learning, easy to grasp and practice: recurrent learning factors, long time, prone to "sluggish". Learning programmes are explicitly required to learn education is not an event, but to highlight the normal education, differentiated levels, heart, catch a fine practice, the real party's ideological and political construction in the everyday, often. This requires that we do a good job phase focused learning based on knowledge contests, comments on rewards in the form, pay special attention to recurring studies. To handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. For any unit or individual, objectively speaking, in the process of carrying out the party Constitution Party rules and spirit, there is a problem with strong and weak, which we need to pay attention to the actual learning content, and handle the relationship between solid strong to learn and a lot to learn. On one hand, we must always keep a humble attitude, good deal, Continue the hardening. The other hand, always keep the spirit of energetic, pegged to the weak link to find gaps, fill the short Board. Short Board issues should not be underestimated, the saying goes, have short Board, add a short. This tells us, there are weaknesses shortcomings and do not be afraid, fear is a blind eye and not to repair, the result is poor is worse and the weak weaker. United States politics home zhamusi, and Wilson and prevention crime learn experts qiaozhikailin proposed has a famous of broken window theory, that, if a building House has a fan window of glass broken has, and this fan Windows no get timely repair, others on May to broke more of window glass, time a long, these damaged of window on to people caused a disorder, and matter of feel, results in this mass errors think no attention, and no management of atmosphere Xia, some bad culture, and violations behavior on will breeding and spread. Reality life in the is such, clean of wall Shang, suddenly was posted has a Zhang ad, if didn't people management, not out days this wall Shang on will appeared greatly small many of advertising; private take mess built phenomenon is so, began circle a small block to built a small shed put things, if didn't people timely stop, he on dare built a hut live people, time long has didn't people tube, wants to tube Shi on difficult has. Therefore, the solid strong is important, a lot to learn is also important. Third, key, grasp the learning objective of education is to train a qualified party member "two" study and education to its core essence is learning and doing. Learning and doing are mutually reinforcing, if optical can't do, study leave, real learning deficiency, while sweating, wind and water, "one fishing white" became "fake words and not the mules". Learning party rules did not comply with the party Constitution, address the learning series is not used, instead, learn and do, imagine this "learning", how do you meet the eligibility requirements of party members. Therefore, the "two" basic learning, the key is in use, do, line. In particular, is a qualified party members to grasp the following three points. To strengthen "four

相关关键词： 赋予矢志使命必达